/* ── Reset & base ── */
    *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
    body { font-family: 'DM Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: #1e293b; background: #fff; line-height: 1.7; }
    a { color: #0d9488; text-decoration: none; }
    a:hover { color: #14b8a6; }
    img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

    /* ── Color tokens ── */
    :root {
      --navy:      #0f2044;
      --navy-mid:  #1a3260;
      --teal:      #0d9488;
      --teal-lt:   #14b8a6;
      --teal-glow: #5eead4;
      --blue:      #185fa5;
      --off-white: #f0f6f6;
      --light-gray:#e2eaf0;
      --mid-gray:  #94a3b8;
      --text-dark: #0f2044;
      --text-mid:  #475569;
    }

    /* ── NAV ── */
    nav.site-nav {
      position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100;
      background: var(--navy);
      height: 64px;
      display: flex; align-items: center;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.22);
    }
    .nav-inner {
      max-width: 1200px; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;
      padding: 0 40px;
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
    }
    .nav-logo { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; text-decoration: none; }
    .nav-links { display: flex; gap: 28px; list-style: none; }
    .nav-links a { color: rgba(255,255,255,.72); font-size: 14px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .03em; transition: color .2s; }
    .nav-links a:hover, .nav-links a.active { color: var(--teal-glow); }
    .nav-cta {
      background: var(--teal); color: #fff !important;
      padding: 7px 18px; border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 600 !important;
      transition: background .2s !important;
    }
    .nav-cta:hover { background: var(--teal-lt) !important; }

    /* ── BREADCRUMB ── */
    .breadcrumb-bar {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, #0d2a5a 60%, #0a3a3a 100%);
      padding: 48px 40px 40px;
      text-align: center;
      border-bottom: 3px solid var(--teal);
      position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    }
    .breadcrumb-bar::before {
      content: ''; position: absolute;
      top: -60px; right: -60px; width: 320px; height: 320px;
      border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid rgba(13,148,136,.12);
    }
    .breadcrumb-bar h1 {
      font-family: 'DM Serif Display', serif;
      font-size: clamp(22px, 4vw, 34px);
      font-weight: 400; color: #fff;
      max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto 10px;
      line-height: 1.25; position: relative;
    }
    .breadcrumb-bar .crumb {
      font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.52);
      position: relative;
    }
    .breadcrumb-bar .crumb a { color: var(--teal-glow); }

    /* ── PAGE BODY ── */
    .page-body {
      max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto;
      padding: 64px 40px 80px;
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
      gap: 56px;
      align-items: start;
    }

    /* ── ARTICLE ── */
    .article-meta {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px;
      padding-bottom: 24px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
      margin-bottom: 32px;
    }
    .avatar {
      width: 48px; height: 48px; border-radius: 50%; flex-shrink: 0;
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), var(--teal));
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    }
    .avatar svg { width: 24px; height: 24px; }
    .meta-info .author-name { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--text-dark); }
    .meta-info .pub-date {
      font-size: 12px; color: var(--mid-gray);
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; margin-top: 3px;
    }
    .tag-pill {
      display: inline-block;
      background: rgba(13,148,136,.1); color: var(--teal);
      border: 1px solid rgba(13,148,136,.2);
      border-radius: 20px; padding: 2px 10px;
      font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .06em;
    }

    /* Article hero banner */
    .article-hero {
      width: 100%; height: 200px; border-radius: 12px;
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, #0d2a5a 55%, #0a3a3a 100%);
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      margin-bottom: 36px; overflow: hidden; position: relative;
    }
    .article-hero::before {
      content: ''; position: absolute;
      top: -40px; right: -40px; width: 220px; height: 220px;
      border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid rgba(94,234,212,.1);
    }
    .article-hero::after {
      content: ''; position: absolute;
      bottom: -30px; left: -30px; width: 160px; height: 160px;
      border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid rgba(13,148,136,.1);
    }

    /* Article typography */
    .article-body p { font-size: 16px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.85; margin-bottom: 22px; }
    .article-body h3 {
      font-family: 'DM Serif Display', serif;
      font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400;
      color: var(--navy); margin: 42px 0 14px;
      padding-bottom: 10px;
      border-bottom: 2px solid var(--light-gray);
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    }
    .article-body h3::before {
      content: '';
      width: 4px; height: 22px; border-radius: 2px;
      background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--teal), var(--blue));
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    .article-body ul {
      margin: 4px 0 22px 0; padding: 0;
      list-style: none;
      display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;
    }
    .article-body ul li {
      display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px;
      font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.7;
    }
    .article-body ul li::before {
      content: '';
      flex-shrink: 0; width: 18px; height: 18px; margin-top: 3px;
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--teal), var(--blue));
      border-radius: 50%;
      background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 18 18' fill='none' stroke='white' stroke-width='2.2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Cpath d='M4 9l3 3 7-7'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
      background-size: cover;
    }
    .article-body ul li em {
      font-style: italic; color: var(--navy);
      background: rgba(13,148,136,.06);
      border-left: 3px solid var(--teal);
      padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
      display: inline-block;
    }

    /* Highlight / callout box */
    .callout {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(13,148,136,.07), rgba(24,95,165,.06));
      border: 1px solid rgba(13,148,136,.2);
      border-left: 4px solid var(--teal);
      border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
      padding: 20px 24px;
      margin: 28px 0;
    }
    .callout-label {
      font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em;
      text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--teal); margin-bottom: 8px;
    }
    .callout p { font-size: 15px; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 0 !important; line-height: 1.7; }
    .callout strong { color: var(--navy); }

    /* Feature cards inside article */
    .feature-cards {
      display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 16px;
      margin: 28px 0;
    }
    .fc {
      background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
      border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px 20px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(15,32,68,.07);
      display: flex; gap: 14px; align-items: flex-start;
      transition: transform .2s;
    }
    .fc:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }
    .fc-icon {
      width: 36px; height: 36px; flex-shrink: 0;
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(13,148,136,.12), rgba(24,95,165,.1));
      border-radius: 8px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    }
    .fc-icon svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; stroke: var(--teal); fill: none; stroke-width: 1.8; stroke-linecap: round; }
    .fc h4 { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 4px; }
    .fc p { font-size: 12px; color: var(--text-mid); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 !important; }

    /* CTA at bottom */
    .article-cta {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), var(--navy-mid));
      border-radius: 14px; padding: 36px 32px;
      margin-top: 52px; text-align: center;
    }
    .article-cta h4 { font-family: 'DM Serif Display', serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 400; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 10px; }
    .article-cta p { font-size: 15px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.7); margin-bottom: 22px; }
    .article-cta a {
      background: var(--teal); color: #fff;
      padding: 13px 32px; border-radius: 8px;
      font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; display: inline-block;
      transition: all .2s;
    }
    .article-cta a:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); color: #fff; transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(13,148,136,.35); }

    /* Share row */
    .share-row {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
      padding: 20px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
      margin-top: 40px;
    }
    .share-row span { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--text-dark); }
    .share-btn {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
      padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600;
      border: 1.5px solid var(--light-gray); color: var(--text-mid);
      transition: all .2s;
    }
    .share-btn:hover { border-color: var(--teal); color: var(--teal); }
    .share-btn svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; stroke: currentColor; fill: none; stroke-width: 2; stroke-linecap: round; }

    /* ── SIDEBAR ── */
    .sidebar { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }

    .sidebar-card {
      background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
      border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(15,32,68,.07);
    }
    .sidebar-card-header {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), #0d2a5a);
      padding: 14px 20px;
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
    }
    .sidebar-card-header h3 {
      font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em;
      text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--teal-glow); margin: 0;
    }
    .sidebar-card-header svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; stroke: var(--teal-glow); fill: none; stroke-width: 2; stroke-linecap: round; }
    .sidebar-card-body { padding: 16px 20px; }

    /* Search */
    .search-wrap { display: flex; gap: 0; }
    .search-wrap input {
      flex: 1; padding: 10px 14px; border: 1.5px solid var(--light-gray);
      border-right: none; border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px;
      font-size: 13px; font-family: inherit; color: var(--text-dark);
    }
    .search-wrap input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--teal); }
    .search-wrap button {
      background: var(--teal); border: none; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
      padding: 0 14px; cursor: pointer; transition: background .2s;
    }
    .search-wrap button:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); }
    .search-wrap button svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; stroke: #fff; fill: none; stroke-width: 2.2; stroke-linecap: round; }

    /* Recent posts */
    .recent-post {
      display: flex; gap: 12px; align-items: flex-start;
      padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    }
    .recent-post:last-child { border-bottom: none; padding-bottom: 0; }
    .rp-thumb {
      width: 64px; height: 50px; flex-shrink: 0; border-radius: 6px;
      overflow: hidden; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    }
	/* add by Joe on 2026-07-31 */
	.rp-thumb svg { width: 30px; height: 30px; }
	/*  end   */
	
    .rp-title { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; color: var(--text-dark); line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: 4px; }
    .rp-title a { color: var(--text-dark); transition: color .2s; }
    .rp-title a:hover { color: var(--teal); }
    .rp-date { font-size: 11px; color: var(--mid-gray); }

    /* Tags */
    .tag-cloud { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .tag-cloud a {
      display: inline-block;
      background: rgba(13,148,136,.08); color: var(--teal);
      border: 1px solid rgba(13,148,136,.2);
      border-radius: 20px; padding: 4px 12px;
      font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500;
      transition: all .2s;
    }
    .tag-cloud a:hover { background: var(--teal); color: #fff; border-color: var(--teal); }

    /* About product card */
    .product-card {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), #0d2a5a);
      border-radius: 12px; padding: 24px 20px; text-align: center;
    }
    .product-card h4 { font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #fff; margin: 12px 0 8px; }
    .product-card p { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.65); margin-bottom: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }
    .product-card a {
      background: var(--teal); color: #fff;
      padding: 9px 20px; border-radius: 6px;
      font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; display: inline-block;
      transition: background .2s;
    }
    .product-card a:hover { background: var(--teal-lt); color: #fff; }

    /* ── FOOTER ── */
    footer {
      background: var(--navy);
      padding: 56px 0 0;
    }
    .footer-inner {
      max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 40px 40px;
      display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 48px;
    }
    .footer-brand p { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.42); margin-top: 14px; line-height: 1.7; max-width: 240px; }
    footer h4 { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--teal-glow); margin-bottom: 16px; }
    footer ul { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; }
    footer ul li { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); }
    footer ul a { color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); transition: color .2s; }
    footer ul a:hover { color: var(--teal-lt); }
    .footer-bottom {
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
      max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto;
      padding: 20px 40px;
      display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
    }
    .footer-bottom p { font-size: 12px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.28); }
    .social-links { display: flex; gap: 14px; }
    .social-links a {
      width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 50%;
      border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
      display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); font-size: 13px;
      transition: all .2s;
    }
    .social-links a:hover { border-color: var(--teal); color: var(--teal-lt); }

    /* ── RESPONSIVE ── */
    @media (max-width: 960px) {
      .page-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; padding: 40px 20px 60px; }
      .nav-inner { padding: 0 20px; }
      .nav-links { display: none; }
      .feature-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; padding: 0 20px 32px; }
      .footer-bottom { padding: 16px 20px; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; text-align: center; }
      .breadcrumb-bar { padding: 36px 20px 30px; }
    }